Kidney cancer

Kidney cancer, also known as renal cancer, is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells grow in the tissues of the kidneys. Here's a breakdown of key information:

Understanding Kidney Cancer:

 * The Kidneys' Role:

   * The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist.

   * They filter waste products from the blood and produce urine.

   * They also help regulate blood pressure and produce hormones.

 * Types of Kidney Cancer:

   * Renal cell carcinoma (RCC): This is the most common type, accounting for about 90% of kidney cancers in adults.

   * Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC): This type begins in the renal pelvis, where the kidneys connect to the ureters.

   * Wilms tumor: This is a less common type that primarily affects children.

Symptoms:

In its early stages, kidney cancer often has few or no symptoms. As it progresses, symptoms may include:

 * Blood in the urine (hematuria)

 * A lump or mass in the side or back

 * Back pain just below the rib cage that doesn't go away

 * Weight loss

 * Fever

 * Fatigue

 * Anemia

Risk Factors:

Several factors can increase the risk of developing kidney cancer:

 * Smoking

 * Obesity

 * High blood pressure

 * Family history of kidney cancer

 * Long-term dialysis

 * Exposure to certain chemicals (e.g., asbestos, cadmium)

 * Certain genetic conditions.

Diagnosis:

Diagnosing kidney cancer may involve:

 * Urine tests

 * Blood tests

 * Imaging tests (CT scan, MRI, ultrasound)

 * Biopsy

Treatment:

Treatment options depend on the stage and type of kidney cancer and the patient's overall health. They may include:

 * Surgery (to remove part or all of the kidney)

 * Targeted therapy

 * Immunotherapy

 * Radiation therapy

 * Chemotherapy (less common)

Important Note:

 * Early detection is crucial for successful treatment.

 * If you experience any of the symptoms mentioned above, it's essential to consult a doctor.

I hope this information is helpful.